fig1

Figure 1. The recovery (%) of EVs^* (A), ApoA1 (B), ApoB (C), and Protein (D) in the pooled SEC fractions compared to the starting material (platelet-depleted plasma). EVs were measured by flow cytometry, ApoA1 (HDL) and ApoB [(V)LDL and chylomicrons] by ELISA, and protein by Bradford Assay. Experiments were performed in triplicate using platelet-depleted pooled plasma obtained from healthy controls. The starting material contained 4.3 × 10⁷ EVs, 2.4 × 10⁶ ng ApoA1, 5.9 × 10⁵ ng ApoB, and 6.8 × 10⁴ µg protein per mL of plasma. Adjusted p-values (one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test) obtained from assessing the statistical differences in EVs between SEC columns can be found in Supplementary Table 1. A P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant, and has been indicated with asterisks in the figure (^*P < 0.05; ^**P < 0.01). ^*EVs were measured using flow cytometry (Apogee A60-Micro) and the concentration of EVs was calculated as the sum of particles that were positively labeled for CD61, CD235a, or CD45, with a size range of 200-650 nm and a refractive index < 1.42; DMC: dual-mode chromatography; EV: extracellular vesicle; SEC2B: size-exclusion chromatography 2B; SEC4B: size-exclusion chromatography 4B.