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Figure 1. VCAM-1⁺ Endothelial Cell Capture on the VCAM-1- ^EVHB-Chip. (A) Schematic of Experiment; (B) VCAM-1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results for cell culture supernatants from Palm-TdTomato pLOC control and Palm-TdTomato pLOC-VCAM-1 overexpressing cell lines, presented in picograms per milliliter (pg/mL). The data represent the means ± standard deviation (SD) of three independent experiments per group. Group differences were statistically analyzed using a Student's t-test. The significance level is denoted as ****P < 0.0001; (C) Representative microscope image of IgG- ^EVHB-Chip as a control; (D-F) The white signal is the fluorescence of VCAM-1⁺ endothelial cells captured on the VCAM-1- ^EVHB-Chip surface. The white signal/dots are DAPI-stained Palm-TdTomato pLOC-VCAM-1 overexpressing cells captured on the VCAM-1- EVHB-Chip surface; (E and F) are zoomed fluorescence color images of TdTomato pLOC-VCAM-1 overexpressing cells captured on the VCAM-1- EVHB-Chip surface.