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Figure 3. p181-Tau and Aβ42 in NDEVs in three cohorts. The levels of p181-Tau, total Tau, and Aβ42 were measured in three cohorts of early-stage AD patients and control donors. (A, B) NDEVs-associated p181-Tau and Aβ42 were measured by a Milliplex assay in the BioIVT cohort (N = 10 per group, P = 0.007 and P < 0.0001, respectively). (C, D) Different aliquots of the same 20 plasma samples from the BioIVT cohort were analyzed again at a later date to assess the correlation between the two measurements (R² = 0.93, P < 0.01 and R² = 0.55, P < 0.002, respectively). (E, F) p181-Tau measurements were conducted in NDEVs derived from NIA samples (20 early AD and 19 controls, P < 0.0001) and PMED samples (30 early AD and 9 controls, P = 0.02). (G, H) NDEVs-associated Aβ42 was measured by Luminex in the NIA and PMED cohorts, and significant differences were detected between the disease and control groups (P = 0.01 and P = 0.001, respectively).