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Figure 2. Characterization of microglia-derived exosomes from human primary microglia (HPM). (A) Quantification of the total number of EVs and (B) size distribution of exosomes by NTA using ZetaView. (C) Representative TEM image of exosome particles isolated by ultracentrifugation at 100,000 g. Scale bar 100 nm. (D) Representative western blots showing expression of exosome-specific markers (Alix, TSG101, CD9, CD63). Calnexin is used as a negative control for exosomes. (E) Representative western blot images showing protein expression of NLRP3, pro-IL1β, mIL-1β in control, Tat (50 ng/mL) or HT treated-HPM-derived exosomes. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Abbreviations: similar as Figure 1.