fig11
Figure 11. (A) Schematic diagram showing the electrodialysis experimental setup for the separation of Li, Ni, Mn, and Co from NMC111. Principles of the three-stage electrodialysis process for separating Li, Ni, Mn, and Co from NMC111: (B) separation of Ni in Stage 1; (C) Separation of Co in Stage 2; (D) separation of Li from Mn in Stage 3. (A-D) Figures reprinted with permission from Ref.[86]. Copyright 2012 Elsevier[86].