fig3

Figure 3. N_ovs. temperature in the range of 230 to 340 K of PSCs with an Ag top electrode and solvent-free C top electrode. The PSC with C top electrode displayed lower N_o throughout the tested temperature range when compared to PSC with Ag top electrode. Inset - Top left - Device stack structure of PSC with Ag top electrode-ITO-Glass/Poly-TPD/PFN/Cs_0.22FA_0.78Pb(I_0.85Br_0.15)₃ + 4% MAPbCl₃/C₆₀/Ag, Bottom right - Device stack structure of PSC with C top electrode-ITO-Glass/SnO₂/Cs_0.05FA_0.81MA_0.14PbI_2.55Br_0.45/PEAI(2D MHP)/solvent-free C.