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From: Recent advances in nanoscale engineering of Pd-based electrocatalysts for selective CO₂ electroreduction to formic acid/formate

Recent advances in nanoscale engineering of Pd-based electrocatalysts for selective CO<sub>2</sub> electroreduction to formic acid/formate

Figure 8. (A) CO stripping measurement of PdH_0.5/C and Pd/C^[71]. (B) CO tolerance tests for PdH_0.5/C at -0.4 V vs. RHE in CO₂-saturated 0.1 M KHCO₃ electrolyte^[71]. (C) Reaction mechanism for HCOO^- generation on PdH_0.5/C catalysts^[71]. Reprinted with permission. Copyright 2022, Elsevier^[71]. (D) Calculated surface adsorption energies (eV) of HCOO* and *COOH on Pd(111) and Pd(111)-4B with and without H adsorption^[72]. (E) Potential dependence of mass normalized formate concentration on Pd-B/C catalysts^[72]. Gibbs free energy diagrams for the intermediates in formate pathway on Pd-B/C (red) and Pd/C (black) with (F) and without (G) hydrogen adsorption^[72]. Reprinted with permission. Copyright 2018, American Chemical Society^[72].