fig3

Figure 3. (A) Mann-Kendall trend test for publications and (B) Mann-Kendall trend test for number of citations. The UF curve indicates the changing trend, the UB curve is the reversal of the UF curve, positive UF values mean an upward trend, and vice versa means a downward trend. If the level of significance were set at 0.05, the corresponding value would be ±1.96, and the point of intersection within the confidence interval (±1.96) would be the turning point. If the UF value is higher than 1.96, it represents a clear upward trend, whereas less than -1.96, it represents a clear downward trend.