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Figure 1. Role of nanocarriers in treating pulmonary diseases like asthma, cystic fibrosis, lung cancer, and lung infections. Nanomaterials like quantum dots are popular as diagnostic agents, whereas nanocarriers such as liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN), nanovesicles, and nanodroplets are suitable for the targeted delivery of anticancer chemotherapeutic agents. Nanoparticles of inorganic materials such as silver, gold, copper, zinc, iron, etc., have potent anticancer and antimicrobial activity. They are suitable for treating lung cancer and other respiratory infections like tuberculosis.