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![Pharmacologic therapies for the low cardiac output syndrome in children after cardiac surgery: evidence of their efficacy and trends in their use](https://image.oaes.cc/cbc03e75-7f69-4a01-a4bc-3041688b735d/4504.fig.1.jpg)
Figure 1. Perioperative factors leading to LCOS. Factors drivern by exposure to CPB (i.e., systemic inflammation, cellular & mitochondrial dysfunction, altered loading conditions) and those influenced by cardiac surgery (i.e., ischemia, ventriculotomy) are noted schematically contributing to LCOS. Reused with permission from Epting et al.[7] from Bentham Science Pulishers LTD. LCOS: Low cardiac output syndrome; CPB: cardiopulmonary bypass.