fig59

Figure 59. Selected video frames from the parasternal long-axis (A) and modified apical (B, C) views of the same patient as is shown in [Figure 58], demonstrating transposition of the great arteries (A) with the aorta (Ao) anteriorly and pulmonary artery (PA) posteriorly. The connection of the right ventricle (RV) (outlet chamber) with the main chamber by a bulbo-ventricular foramen (BVF) is shown in the (B). This chamber gives rise to the aorta (Ao), as seen in the (B). The origin of the PA from the main chamber [double-inlet left ventricle (DILV)] is shown in the (C). Note the turbulent flow in the PA (C), suggesting stenosis. Continuous wave Doppler across this region (not shown) revealed high velocity suggestive of significant pulmonary stenosis. Reproduced from Ref.^[39].