fig35

Figure 35. (A) Selected video frame from suprasternal notch view in a neonate with the supra-diaphragmatic type of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection showing a dilated vertical vein (VV), left innominate vein (L Inn), and superior vena cava (SVC). (B) Continuous wave Doppler recordings from the VV show an increased Doppler flow velocity indicative of a mean gradient of 6 mmHg suggestive of obstruction. CW: Continuous wave; PG: peak gradient; VTI: velocity time integral. Reproduced from Ref.^[24].