fig25

Figure 25. Two-dimensional echocardiograms of an atrial septal defect (ASD) to illustrate the atrial septal rims in apical four-chamber (A), subcostal long-axis (B), parasternal short-axis (C), and subcostal short-axis (D) views. The unfilled arrows point to the ASD. Adequate-sized septal rims are seen in each image. This patient is deemed to be an appropriate patient for percutaneous occlusion. Reproduced from Ref.^[26]. Ao: Aorta; LA: left atrium; LV: left ventricle; RA: right atrium; RV: right ventricle.