fig17

Figure 17. Doppler echocardiographic studies in parasternal long-axis view before (A), the day after (B), and 10 months after (C) balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (BPV). While there was a substantial reduction in peak Doppler flow velocity (and calculated gradients from 120 mmHg to 48 mmHg) immediately following BPV (A vs. B), there was a residual 48 mmHg gradient; more importantly distinctive triangular pattern, indicative of infundibular obstruction remained (B). The residual gradient at ten months following BPV was low (25 mmHg) without the triangular pattern, suggesting that the infundibular narrowing has resolved (C). The residual peak gradients are printed at the lower portion of each panel. Reproduced from Ref.^[18].