fig1

Figure 1. M-mode recording of the echo, referred to in the text, is shown in this figure. Both ventricles are shown illustrating measurements of LVIDd (left ventricular internal dimension in end-diastole) and RVEDD (right ventricular end-diastolic dimension). Both measurements are made at the start of QRS complex of the electrocardiogram (at the top) recorded simultaneously. The LVIDs (left-ventricular internal dimension in end-systole) is also shown. The measured numbers are compared with normal data and z scores are secured. This information is also utilized for determining the left ventricular global systolic function by calculating the left-ventricular shortening fraction. Reproduced from Ref.^[19].