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![The local effects of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) on the inflammatory atheroma: beyond LDL cholesterol lowering](https://image.oaes.cc/50019b36-e84a-4fdf-8419-f1a1b45e355b/3876.fig.1.jpg)
Figure 1. Potential mechanisms by which PCSK9 inhibition protects against CVD independently of LDL cholesterol lowering. Inhibition of PCSK9 affects cellular responses in bone marrow derived cells (monocytes/macrophages, DCs, T cells and platelets), ECs and VSMCs in the artery wall, and cardiomyocytes, which might all contribute to cardioprotective effects mediated by inhibition of PCSK9. Figure created with BioRender.com. CVD: Cardiovascular disease; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; DCs: dendritic cells; ECs: endothelial cells; VSMCs: vascular smooth muscle cells