fig2

Figure 2. Different pathogens activate different TLRs. TLRs signal through two different pathways using myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) and TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon β, leading to activation of NF-kB and IRF respectively NF-kB leads to DNA transcription and cytokine production, while IRF leads to interferon production. TLRs: toll like receptors; NF-kB: nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells; IRF: interferon regulatory factor